How to care for a burn

First, run cold water on the burned area for about six or seven minutes (severe/3rd-degree burns shouldn't be soaked with water); this is effective for decreasing pain and swelling. Take off any hot metal objects (rings, bracelets, etc) in the area.

Obtain immediate medical attention if it is severe or seems infected, especially if there are one or more burns to the head. With severe burns, do not consume any foods or beverages before receiving medical attention.

Degree of burn

First-degree burn. Top layer of skin is affected; this can usually be treated at home.

Second-degree burn. Two or more layers of the skin are harmed; often causes blistering. See a doctor if it is large (over 2.5" diameter) or on a foot, hand, face, genital area, joint, or buttock.

Third-degree burn. Burns deep into skin, possibly beyond; medical attention is necessary. Sometimes no pain occurs, despite severity.

Covering

A bandage (should be gauze) or a shirt may be used for covering a burn of any degree, after it has had cold water applied to it sufficiently. Do not use a towel for this purpose. Antibiotic or Aloe Vera skin cream can be put on the burn before covering it.

If it is a 2nd-degree burn, replace the bandage each day, washing the area and checking to make sure it has not become infected. Be careful when washing it and remember not to scratch, despite itching which might occur.

Infection

Some possible indications of infection include pus, increasing painfulness, green fluid, or swollen purple colored skin. A fever or apparent deepening of the burn can also indicate that an infection is present. Contact your health care provider if any of these indications are present or you are otherwise concerned that it could be infected.

Swelling

To prevent or decrease swelling, take off clothing and footwear which is tight or has been burned (unless it is 3rd-degree). If your hand or foot was burned, keeping it at a greater height ais helpful, preferably higher than the heart.

After care

Take a pain killer such as Tylenol or ibuprofen to reduce discomfort. For the next twelve months after getting burned, use care to prevent the same skin from being injured or burned again. This includes taking measures to prevent sunburns on this part of your body. Also, do not attempt to break open any blisters that may form. Minor (1st-degree) burns generally heal within a week or two, while 2nd-degree burns will take about a half month (perhaps somewhat longer).

Following the above-mentioned steps on how to care for a burn should make it possible for you to reduce the risks associated with being burned, determine whether or not to contact a health care provider, and decrease the amount of discomfort during the healing process.